Magnetic Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator | King-Nd Magnet<\/title>\r\n<style>\r\n.knd-pc-calculator{--knd-blue:#002ea7;--knd-blue-dark:#001f7a;--knd-blue-light:#eef3ff;--knd-red:#e61373;--knd-text:#172b4d;--knd-muted:#5e6c84;--knd-border:#dfe3eb;--knd-white:#fff;\r\nwidth:100%;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto;padding:30px 15px 50px;box-sizing:border-box;\r\nfont-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",Roboto,\"Helvetica Neue\",Arial,sans-serif;color:var(--knd-text);line-height:1.6}\r\n.knd-pc-calculator *,.knd-pc-calculator *::before,.knd-pc-calculator *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\r\n.knd-pc-header{text-align:center;margin-bottom:28px}\r\n.knd-pc-header h1{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:30px;line-height:1.25;font-weight:700;color:var(--knd-blue)}\r\n.knd-pc-header p{margin:0 auto;max-width:680px;font-size:15px;color:var(--knd-muted)}\r\n.knd-pc-card,.knd-pc-method{width:100%;max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto 22px;padding:30px;background:var(--knd-white);border:1px solid 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0;padding:0}\r\n.knd-pc-method-list li{font-size:13px;color:var(--knd-text);padding-left:18px;position:relative}\r\n.knd-pc-method-list li::before{content:\"\u2014\";position:absolute;left:0;color:var(--knd-blue)}\r\n.knd-pc-disclaimer{margin-top:25px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid var(--knd-border)}\r\n.knd-pc-disclaimer h4{margin:0 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:var(--knd-red)}\r\n.knd-pc-disclaimer p{margin:0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65;color:#52627a}\r\n.knd-pc-cta{width:100%;max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto;padding:28px 32px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:22px;border-radius:12px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#002ea7 0%,#001f7a 100%);color:#fff;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.knd-pc-cta h3{margin:0 0 6px;font-size:20px;line-height:1.35;color:#fff}\r\n.knd-pc-cta p{margin:0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:rgba(255,255,255,.9)}\r\n.knd-pc-cta-button{flex:0 0 auto;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:42px;padding:12px 28px;border-radius:6px;background:#fff;color:var(--knd-blue)!important;text-decoration:none!important;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s}\r\n.knd-pc-cta-button:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}\r\n@media (max-width:850px){.knd-pc-card,.knd-pc-method{padding:22px}.knd-pc-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px}.knd-pc-diagram{min-height:250px}.knd-pc-diagram svg{max-width:240px}}\r\n@media (max-width:600px){.knd-pc-header h1{font-size:24px}.knd-pc-card,.knd-pc-method{padding:18px}.knd-pc-tab{padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px}.knd-pc-input-grid,.knd-pc-input-grid.two{grid-template-columns:1fr}.knd-pc-cta{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;padding:22px}.knd-pc-cta-button{width:100%}}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<div class=\"knd-pc-calculator\">\r\n\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-header\">\r\n <h1>Magnetic Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator<\/h1>\r\n <p>Estimate the open-circuit permeance coefficient for common permanent magnet geometries \u2014 the key input for reading a magnet's operating point off its demagnetization curve.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-card\">\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-tabs\" id=\"kndTabs\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-layout\">\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-diagram\">\r\n <div id=\"kndDiagram\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-diagram-caption\" id=\"kndDiagramCaption\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-form\">\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-mat knd-pc-field\"><label for=\"kndMaterial\">Magnet Material<\/label>\r\n <select id=\"kndMaterial\" class=\"knd-pc-select\">\r\n <option value=\"ndfeb\">Neodymium (NdFeB)<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"alnico5\">AlNiCo 5<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"alnico8\">AlNiCo 8<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"ferrite\">Ferrite<\/option>\r\n <\/select>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-mat-note\" id=\"kndMatNote\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n <h2>Magnet Dimensions<\/h2>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-input-grid\" id=\"kndFields\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-magnetization-note\"><span>\u25cf<\/span><div id=\"kndNote\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-actions\">\r\n <button type=\"button\" id=\"kndCalculateBtn\" class=\"knd-pc-btn knd-pc-btn-primary\">Calculate<\/button>\r\n <button type=\"button\" id=\"kndResetBtn\" class=\"knd-pc-btn knd-pc-btn-secondary\">Reset<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-results\">\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-result\"><span class=\"knd-pc-result-label\">Permeance Coefficient (Pc)<\/span><span class=\"knd-pc-result-value\" id=\"kndPcResult\">\u2014<\/span><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-formula\" id=\"kndFormula\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-error\" id=\"kndError\" role=\"alert\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-method\">\r\n <p class=\"knd-pc-section-title\">How This Is Calculated<\/p>\r\n <p class=\"knd-pc-section-intro\">Pc is estimated from the magnet's geometry and magnetization direction using standard empirical engineering formulas for each shape.<\/p>\r\n <ul class=\"knd-pc-method-list\">\r\n <li><strong>Rectangular block:<\/strong> Pc = T \/ (L\u00b7W) \u00d7 \u221a(\u03c0\u00b7[L\u00b7W + (L + W)\u00b7T]), where T is the dimension along the magnetization direction.<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>Axially magnetized cylinder:<\/strong> Pc = L \/ R\u00b2 \u00d7 \u221a(R\u00b7(R + L)), where R = D \/ 2.<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>Diametrically (transversely) magnetized cylinder:<\/strong> Pc = \u03c0 \/ L \u00d7 \u221a(0.5\u00b7R\u00b7(R + 2L)), where R = D \/ 2.<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>Axially magnetized ring:<\/strong> Pc = 4L \/ (OD\u00b2 \u2212 ID\u00b2) \u00d7 \u221a(\u00bd\u00b7L\u00b7(OD + ID) + \u00bc\u00b7(OD\u00b2 + ID\u00b2)).<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>Material:<\/strong> the formulas above are the NdFeB values. For AlNiCo the result is multiplied by a material factor (AlNiCo 5 \u00d7 0.70, AlNiCo 8 \u00d7 0.78). Ferrite uses the same value as NdFeB (\u00d7 1.00), as its recoil permeability is close to that of NdFeB. Within one material family, Pc does not depend on the grade.<\/li>\r\n <\/ul>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-disclaimer\">\r\n <h4>Engineering Reference<\/h4>\r\n <p>Results are intended for preliminary engineering reference only. Actual operating points are also affected by temperature, magnetic circuit geometry, air gaps, adjacent ferromagnetic components, leakage flux and other application-specific conditions. For critical designs, prototype validation or FEA simulation is recommended.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-cta\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3>Need help selecting the right magnet geometry?<\/h3>\r\n <p>Share your application requirements and our engineers can help evaluate the magnet dimensions and magnetic circuit.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <a href=\"\/contact-us\/\" class=\"knd-pc-cta-button\">Consult Our Engineer \u2192<\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function () {\r\n \"use strict\";\r\n var MAX_ASPECT = 1000;\r\n var $ = function (id) { return document.getElementById(id); };\r\n var BLUE = \"#002ea7\", RED = \"#e61373\", ST = 'stroke=\"#334155\" stroke-width=\"2\"';\r\n\r\n function defs(k) {\r\n var m = function (id, c) { return '<marker id=\"' + id + k + '\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 10\" refX=\"5\" refY=\"5\" markerWidth=\"6\" markerHeight=\"6\" orient=\"auto-start-reverse\"><path d=\"M 0 0 L 10 5 L 0 10 z\" fill=\"' + c + '\"\/><\/marker>'; };\r\n return \"<defs>\" + m(\"r\", RED) + m(\"b\", BLUE) + \"<\/defs>\";\r\n }\r\n function ln(k, x1, y1, x2, y2, c, w, both) {\r\n var mk = c === RED ? \"r\" : \"b\";\r\n return '<line x1=\"' + x1 + '\" y1=\"' + y1 + '\" x2=\"' + x2 + '\" y2=\"' + y2 + '\" stroke=\"' + c + '\" stroke-width=\"' + w + '\"' + (both ? ' marker-start=\"url(#' + mk + k + ')\"' : \"\") + ' marker-end=\"url(#' + mk + k + ')\"\/>';\r\n }\r\n function tx(x, y, t, c, s, anchor) {\r\n return '<text x=\"' + x + '\" y=\"' + y + '\" fill=\"' + c + '\" font-size=\"' + (s || 15) + '\" font-weight=\"700\"' + (anchor ? ' text-anchor=\"middle\"' : \"\") + \">\" + t + \"<\/text>\";\r\n }\r\n function svg(k, body) { return '<svg viewBox=\"0 0 320 260\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">' + defs(k) + body + \"<\/svg>\"; }\r\n var cylBody = '<path d=\"M70 78 L70 160 A90 30 0 0 0 250 160 L250 78 Z\" fill=\"#e7ebf1\" ' + ST + '\/><ellipse cx=\"160\" cy=\"78\" rx=\"90\" ry=\"30\" fill=\"#c7ced9\" ' + ST + \"\/>\";\r\n\r\n var SHAPES = {\r\n rect: {\r\n tab: \"Rectangular Block\",\r\n caption: \"L = length, W = width, T = thickness and magnetization direction.\",\r\n note: \"<strong>T is the magnetization direction.<\/strong> Enter the dimension measured along the magnetization axis as Thickness T.\",\r\n fields: [[\"L\", \"Length L\", 20], [\"W\", \"Width W\", 10], [\"T\", \"Thickness T\", 5]],\r\n formula: \"Pc = T \/ (L\u00b7W) \u00d7 \u221a(\u03c0\u00b7[L\u00b7W + (L+W)\u00b7T])\",\r\n svg: function (k) {\r\n return svg(k,\r\n '<polygon points=\"65,85 205,85 255,55 115,55\" fill=\"#d8dee8\" ' + ST + '\/><polygon points=\"65,85 205,85 205,155 65,155\" fill=\"#eef1f5\" ' + ST + '\/><polygon points=\"205,85 255,55 255,125 205,155\" fill=\"#b9c2d0\" ' + ST + \"\/>\" +\r\n ln(k, 135, 150, 135, 72, RED, 3) + tx(145, 92, \"Magnetization\", RED, 14) +\r\n ln(k, 65, 185, 205, 185, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(135, 207, \"L\", BLUE, 15, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 210, 176, 258, 146, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(252, 170, \"W\", BLUE) +\r\n ln(k, 45, 85, 45, 155, RED, 2, 1) + tx(30, 124, \"T\", RED));\r\n },\r\n calc: function (v) { return v.T \/ (v.L * v.W) * Math.sqrt(Math.PI * (v.L * v.W + (v.L + v.W) * v.T)); }\r\n },\r\n axial: {\r\n tab: \"Axial Cylinder\",\r\n caption: \"D = diameter, L = axial length; magnetization is along the axis (L).\",\r\n note: \"<strong>Axial magnetization.<\/strong> The magnetization direction runs along the cylinder's axial length L.\",\r\n fields: [[\"D\", \"Diameter D\", 10], [\"L\", \"Axial Length L\", 10]],\r\n formula: \"Pc = L \/ R\u00b2 \u00d7 \u221a(R\u00b7(R+L)), R = D \/ 2\",\r\n svg: function (k) {\r\n return svg(k, cylBody + ln(k, 160, 150, 160, 82, RED, 3) + tx(160, 40, \"Axial magnetization\", RED, 14, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 70, 205, 250, 205, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(160, 228, \"D \u2014 Diameter\", BLUE, 15, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 270, 78, 270, 160, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(282, 123, \"L\", BLUE));\r\n },\r\n calc: function (v) { var R = v.D \/ 2; return v.L \/ (R * R) * Math.sqrt(R * (R + v.L)); }\r\n },\r\n trans: {\r\n tab: \"Radial Cylinder\",\r\n caption: \"D = diameter, L = axial length; magnetization is transverse \/ diametric.\",\r\n note: \"<strong>Radial (diametric) magnetization.<\/strong> The magnetization direction is across the cylinder diameter, perpendicular to the axial length.\",\r\n fields: [[\"D\", \"Diameter D\", 10], [\"L\", \"Axial Length L\", 20]],\r\n formula: \"Pc = \u03c0 \/ L \u00d7 \u221a(0.5\u00b7R\u00b7(R+2L)), R = D \/ 2\",\r\n svg: function (k) {\r\n return svg(k, cylBody + ln(k, 90, 78, 230, 78, RED, 3, 1) + tx(160, 57, \"Transverse magnetization\", RED, 14, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 70, 205, 250, 205, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(160, 228, \"D \u2014 Diameter\", BLUE, 15, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 270, 78, 270, 160, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(282, 123, \"L\", BLUE));\r\n },\r\n calc: function (v) { var R = v.D \/ 2; return Math.PI \/ v.L * Math.sqrt(0.5 * R * (R + 2 * v.L)); }\r\n },\r\n ring: {\r\n tab: \"Axial Ring\",\r\n caption: \"ID = inner diameter, OD = outer diameter, L = axial length; magnetized along the axis.\",\r\n note: \"<strong>Axial magnetization.<\/strong> The magnetization direction runs along the ring's axial length L. OD must be larger than ID.\",\r\n fields: [[\"ID\", \"Inner Dia. ID\", 5], [\"OD\", \"Outer Dia. OD\", 10], [\"L\", \"Axial Length L\", 5]],\r\n formula: \"Pc = 4L \/ (OD\u00b2\u2212ID\u00b2) \u00d7 \u221a(\u00bd\u00b7L\u00b7(OD+ID) + \u00bc\u00b7(OD\u00b2+ID\u00b2))\",\r\n svg: function (k) {\r\n return svg(k, cylBody + '<ellipse cx=\"160\" cy=\"78\" rx=\"40\" ry=\"13\" fill=\"#8f9bb0\" ' + ST + \"\/>\" +\r\n ln(k, 115, 140, 115, 85, RED, 3) + tx(160, 40, \"Axial magnetization\", RED, 14, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 125, 78, 195, 78, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(160, 100, \"ID\", BLUE, 13, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 70, 205, 250, 205, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(160, 228, \"OD\", BLUE, 15, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 270, 78, 270, 160, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(282, 123, \"L\", BLUE));\r\n },\r\n calc: function (v) { var a = v.OD * v.OD, b = v.ID * v.ID; return 4 * v.L \/ (a - b) * Math.sqrt(0.5 * v.L * (v.OD + v.ID) + 0.25 * (a + b)); }\r\n }\r\n };\r\n\r\n var MATERIALS = {\r\n ndfeb: { k: 1.00, note: \"Base formula (factor \u00d7 1.00).\" },\r\n alnico5: { k: 0.70, note: \"NdFeB result \u00d7 0.70.\" },\r\n alnico8: { k: 0.78, note: \"NdFeB result \u00d7 0.78.\" },\r\n ferrite: { k: 1.00, note: \"Same as NdFeB (factor \u00d7 1.00).\" }\r\n };\r\n var current = \"rect\";\r\n function updateMatNote() { $(\"kndMatNote\").textContent = MATERIALS[$(\"kndMaterial\").value].note; }\r\n\r\n function fmt(pc) { return pc >= 100 ? pc.toFixed(1) : pc >= 10 ? pc.toFixed(2) : pc.toFixed(3); }\r\n function clearResults() { $(\"kndPcResult\").textContent = \"\u2014\"; $(\"kndError\").textContent = \"\"; }\r\n\r\n function render(key) {\r\n current = key;\r\n var s = SHAPES[key];\r\n document.querySelectorAll(\".knd-pc-tab\").forEach(function (t) { t.classList.toggle(\"active\", t.dataset.shape === key); });\r\n $(\"kndDiagram\").innerHTML = s.svg(key);\r\n $(\"kndDiagramCaption\").textContent = s.caption;\r\n $(\"kndNote\").innerHTML = s.note;\r\n $(\"kndFormula\").textContent = s.formula;\r\n var g = $(\"kndFields\");\r\n g.className = \"knd-pc-input-grid\" + (s.fields.length === 2 ? \" two\" : \"\");\r\n g.innerHTML = s.fields.map(function (f) {\r\n return '<div class=\"knd-pc-field\"><label for=\"kndf_' + f[0] + '\">' + f[1] + '<\/label><div class=\"knd-pc-input-wrap\"><input type=\"number\" id=\"kndf_' + f[0] + '\" class=\"knd-pc-input\" min=\"0\" step=\"any\" value=\"' + f[2] + '\"><span class=\"knd-pc-unit\">mm<\/span><\/div><\/div>';\r\n }).join(\"\");\r\n g.querySelectorAll(\"input\").forEach(function (i) {\r\n i.addEventListener(\"keydown\", function (e) { if (e.key === \"Enter\") { e.preventDefault(); calculate(); } });\r\n });\r\n clearResults();\r\n }\r\n\r\n function calculate() {\r\n $(\"kndError\").textContent = \"\";\r\n var s = SHAPES[current], v = {}, dims = [];\r\n try {\r\n s.fields.forEach(function (f) {\r\n var x = parseFloat($(\"kndf_\" + f[0]).value);\r\n var ok = f[0] === \"ID\" ? x >= 0 : x > 0;\r\n if (!isFinite(x) || !ok) throw new Error(f[0] === \"ID\" ? \"Please enter valid dimensions (ID may be 0 for a solid cylinder).\" : \"Please enter valid positive dimensions.\");\r\n v[f[0]] = x;\r\n if (x > 0) dims.push(x);\r\n });\r\n if (current === \"ring\" && v.OD <= v.ID) throw new Error(\"Outer diameter (OD) must be larger than inner diameter (ID).\");\r\n if (Math.max.apply(null, dims) \/ Math.min.apply(null, dims) > MAX_ASPECT) throw new Error(\"Dimension ratio is too extreme (max \" + MAX_ASPECT + \":1). Please check the inputs.\");\r\n var pc = s.calc(v) * MATERIALS[$(\"kndMaterial\").value].k;\r\n if (!isFinite(pc) || pc <= 0) throw new Error(\"Calculation failed. Please check the dimensions.\");\r\n $(\"kndPcResult\").textContent = fmt(pc);\r\n } catch (err) {\r\n $(\"kndPcResult\").textContent = \"\u2014\";\r\n $(\"kndError\").textContent = err.message;\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n var tabsEl = $(\"kndTabs\");\r\n Object.keys(SHAPES).forEach(function (k) {\r\n var b = document.createElement(\"button\");\r\n b.type = \"button\"; b.className = \"knd-pc-tab\"; b.dataset.shape = k; b.textContent = SHAPES[k].tab;\r\n b.addEventListener(\"click\", function () { render(k); calculate(); });\r\n tabsEl.appendChild(b);\r\n });\r\n $(\"kndMaterial\").addEventListener(\"change\", function () { updateMatNote(); calculate(); });\r\n $(\"kndCalculateBtn\").addEventListener(\"click\", calculate);\r\n $(\"kndResetBtn\").addEventListener(\"click\", function () { render(current); calculate(); });\r\n updateMatNote(); render(\"rect\"); calculate();\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.kndtc { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 18px 0 0; padding: 18px 22px; border-radius: 10px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e61373 0%, #b30e58 100%); box-sizing: border-box; }\r\n.kndtc *, .kndtc *::before, .kndtc *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }\r\n.kndtc-text { flex: 1 1 260px; min-width: 0; }\r\n.kndtc-kicker { display: block; margin: 0 0 6px; font-size: 21px; font-weight: 800; line-height: 1.25; color: #ffffff !important; }\r\n.kndtc-spec { display: block; margin: 0 0 8px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.35; color: #ffffff !important; opacity: 0.95; }\r\n.kndtc-spec:empty { display: none; }\r\n.kndtc-sub { display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5; color: #ffffff !important; }\r\n.kndtc-pill { display: inline-block; margin-right: 8px; padding: 2px 10px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 999px; color: #b30e58 !important; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; vertical-align: 1px; }\r\n.kndtc-btn { flex: none; display: inline-block; padding: 13px 26px; background: #ffffff !important; border-radius: 8px; color: #b30e58 !important; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700; text-align: center; text-decoration: none !important; animation: kndtcPulse 2.2s ease-out infinite; transition: transform 0.2s; }\r\n.kndtc-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); animation: none; }\r\n@keyframes kndtcPulse {\r\n 0% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65); }\r\n 70% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 12px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); }\r\n 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); }\r\n}\r\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .kndtc-btn { animation: none; } }\r\n@media (max-width: 600px) { .kndtc-btn { width: 100%; } }\r\n<\/style>\r\n<div class=\"kndtc\" id=\"kndtc\" style=\"margin: 16px 0 0;\">\r\n <div class=\"kndtc-text\">\r\n <span class=\"kndtc-kicker\">Want a free sample?<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"kndtc-spec\" id=\"kndtcSpec\"><\/span>\r\n <span class=\"kndtc-sub\"><b class=\"kndtc-pill\">Under 1 minute<\/b>Your shape, size and material are filled in. Just pick a coating and add your email.<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <a class=\"kndtc-btn\" id=\"kndtcBtn\" href=\"\/custom-ndfeb-magnets\/\">Get My Free Sample →<\/a>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>\r\n(function () {\r\n var card = document.getElementById('kndtc');\r\n var btn = document.getElementById('kndtcBtn');\r\n var specEl = document.getElementById('kndtcSpec');\r\n if (!card || !btn || !specEl) { return; }\r\n\r\n var TOOL = 'Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator';\r\n var $ = function (id) { return document.getElementById(id); };\r\n var qs1 = function (sel) { return document.querySelector(sel); };\r\n var val = function (id) { var e = $(id); return e ? parseFloat(e.value) : NaN; };\r\n\r\n \/* What this tool hands over to the custom form *\/\r\n function collect() {\r\n var tab = qs1('.knd-pc-tab.active');\r\n var key = tab ? tab.getAttribute('data-shape') : 'rect';\r\n var mats = { ndfeb: 'NdFeB', alnico5: 'AlNiCo 5', alnico8: 'AlNiCo 8', ferrite: 'Ferrite' };\r\n var mat = mats[$('kndMaterial').value] || '';\r\n var q = { grade: 'unsure', material: mat }, desc = '';\r\n function d(id) { return val('kndf_' + id); }\r\n if (key === 'rect') {\r\n q.shape = 'block';\r\n q.dim_length = d('L'); q.dim_width = d('W'); q.dim_thickness = d('T');\r\n q.magnet = 'Thickness Magnetized';\r\n desc = 'Block ' + d('L') + ' \\u00d7 ' + d('W') + ' \\u00d7 ' + d('T') + ' mm';\r\n } else if (key === 'axial') {\r\n q.shape = d('L') <= d('D') ? 'disc' : 'cylinder';\r\n q.dim_diameter = d('D');\r\n q[q.shape === 'disc' ? 'dim_thickness' : 'dim_height'] = d('L');\r\n q.magnet = 'Axially Magnetized';\r\n desc = 'Axial cylinder \\u00d8' + d('D') + ' \\u00d7 ' + d('L') + ' mm';\r\n } else if (key === 'trans') {\r\n q.shape = 'cylinder';\r\n q.dim_diameter = d('D'); q.dim_height = d('L');\r\n q.magnet = 'Diametrically Magnetized';\r\n desc = 'Radial cylinder \\u00d8' + d('D') + ' \\u00d7 ' + d('L') + ' mm';\r\n } else {\r\n q.shape = 'ring';\r\n q.dim_od = d('OD'); q.dim_id = d('ID'); q.dim_height = d('L');\r\n q.magnet = 'Axially Magnetized';\r\n desc = 'Axial ring OD ' + d('OD') + ' \/ ID ' + d('ID') + ' \\u00d7 ' + d('L') + ' mm';\r\n }\r\n return { spec: (mat ? mat + ' \/ ' : '') + desc, q: q };\r\n }\r\n\r\n \/* The card is moved to sit right under the results *\/\r\n function anchor() {\r\n return $('kndError');\r\n }\r\n\r\n function place() {\r\n var t = anchor();\r\n if (t && t.parentNode && t.nextElementSibling !== card) { t.parentNode.insertBefore(card, t.nextSibling); }\r\n }\r\n\r\n function toQuery(q) {\r\n return Object.keys(q).filter(function (k) {\r\n var v = q[k];\r\n return typeof v === 'string' ? v !== '' : (typeof v === 'number' && isFinite(v) && v > 0);\r\n }).map(function (k) {\r\n var v = q[k];\r\n return k + '=' + encodeURIComponent(typeof v === 'number' ? String(parseFloat(v.toFixed(3))) : v);\r\n }).join('&');\r\n }\r\n\r\n function setHref(a, qs) {\r\n var base = (a.getAttribute('href') || '').split('?')[0];\r\n a.setAttribute('href', base + '?' + qs);\r\n }\r\n\r\n function update() {\r\n var d = null;\r\n try { d = collect(); } catch (e) { d = null; }\r\n d = d || { spec: '', q: {} };\r\n specEl.textContent = d.spec || '';\r\n var q = { from: 'tool', tool: TOOL };\r\n Object.keys(d.q).forEach(function (k) { q[k] = d.q[k]; });\r\n var qs = toQuery(q);\r\n setHref(btn, qs);\r\n\r\n }\r\n\r\n function later() { window.setTimeout(function () { place(); update(); }, 0); }\r\n ['input', 'change', 'click', 'keyup'].forEach(function (ev) { document.addEventListener(ev, later, true); });\r\n\r\n btn.addEventListener('click', function () {\r\n window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || [];\r\n window.dataLayer.push({ event: 'tool_entry_click', tool_name: TOOL });\r\n });\r\n\r\n place();\r\n update();\r\n window.setTimeout(function () { place(); update(); }, 300);\r\n window.setTimeout(function () { place(); update(); }, 1200);\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Magnetic Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator | King-Nd Magnet Magnetic Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator Estimate the open-circuit permeance coefficient for common […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1553,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2084","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2084"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3188,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2084\/revisions\/3188"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\nMagnetic Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator | King-Nd Magnet<\/title>\r\n<style>\r\n.knd-pc-calculator{--knd-blue:#002ea7;--knd-blue-dark:#001f7a;--knd-blue-light:#eef3ff;--knd-red:#e61373;--knd-text:#172b4d;--knd-muted:#5e6c84;--knd-border:#dfe3eb;--knd-white:#fff;\r\nwidth:100%;max-width:100%;margin:0 auto;padding:30px 15px 50px;box-sizing:border-box;\r\nfont-family:-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,\"Segoe UI\",Roboto,\"Helvetica Neue\",Arial,sans-serif;color:var(--knd-text);line-height:1.6}\r\n.knd-pc-calculator *,.knd-pc-calculator *::before,.knd-pc-calculator *::after{box-sizing:border-box}\r\n.knd-pc-header{text-align:center;margin-bottom:28px}\r\n.knd-pc-header h1{margin:0 0 10px;font-size:30px;line-height:1.25;font-weight:700;color:var(--knd-blue)}\r\n.knd-pc-header p{margin:0 auto;max-width:680px;font-size:15px;color:var(--knd-muted)}\r\n.knd-pc-card,.knd-pc-method{width:100%;max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto 22px;padding:30px;background:var(--knd-white);border:1px solid #edf0f5;border-radius:12px;box-shadow:0 6px 24px rgba(15,23,42,.07)}\r\n.knd-pc-tabs{display:flex;gap:6px;margin-bottom:30px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--knd-border);overflow-x:auto}\r\n.knd-pc-tab{position:relative;flex:0 0 auto;appearance:none;border:0;background:transparent;padding:11px 18px 13px;color:var(--knd-muted);font-size:14px;font-weight:600;cursor:pointer;transition:color .2s;white-space:nowrap}\r\n.knd-pc-tab::after{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:12px;right:12px;bottom:-1px;height:3px;background:transparent;border-radius:3px 3px 0 0;transition:background .2s}\r\n.knd-pc-tab:hover,.knd-pc-tab.active{color:var(--knd-blue)}\r\n.knd-pc-tab.active::after{background:var(--knd-blue)}\r\n.knd-pc-section-title{margin:0 0 6px;font-size:17px;font-weight:700;color:var(--knd-text)}\r\n.knd-pc-section-intro{margin:0 0 20px;font-size:13px;color:var(--knd-muted);max-width:680px}\r\n.knd-pc-layout{display:grid;grid-template-columns:310px minmax(0,1fr);gap:34px;align-items:start}\r\n.knd-pc-diagram{min-height:310px;display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:center;justify-content:center;padding:22px 18px;background:#fafbfc;border:1px solid var(--knd-border);border-radius:10px}\r\n.knd-pc-diagram svg{width:100%;max-width:270px;height:auto;display:block}\r\n.knd-pc-diagram-caption{width:100%;margin-top:14px;text-align:center;font-size:12px;line-height:1.55;color:var(--knd-muted)}\r\n.knd-pc-form{min-width:0}\r\n.knd-pc-form h2{margin:0 0 16px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:var(--knd-text)}\r\n.knd-pc-select{width:100%;height:44px;padding:9px 12px;border:1px solid var(--knd-border);border-radius:6px;background:#fff;color:var(--knd-text);font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;outline:none;cursor:pointer}\r\n.knd-pc-select:focus{border-color:var(--knd-blue);box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(0,46,167,.08)}\r\n.knd-pc-mat{margin-bottom:18px}\r\n.knd-pc-mat-note{margin-top:6px;font-size:12px;color:var(--knd-muted)}\r\n.knd-pc-input-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,minmax(0,1fr));gap:15px}\r\n.knd-pc-input-grid.two{grid-template-columns:repeat(2,minmax(0,1fr))}\r\n.knd-pc-field{min-width:0}\r\n.knd-pc-field label{display:block;margin-bottom:6px;font-size:13px;font-weight:600;color:var(--knd-text)}\r\n.knd-pc-input-wrap{position:relative}\r\n.knd-pc-input{width:100%;height:44px;padding:9px 45px 9px 12px;border:1px solid var(--knd-border);border-radius:6px;background:#fff;color:var(--knd-text);font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;outline:none;transition:border-color .2s,box-shadow .2s}\r\n.knd-pc-input:focus{border-color:var(--knd-blue);box-shadow:0 0 0 3px rgba(0,46,167,.08)}\r\n.knd-pc-unit{position:absolute;right:12px;top:50%;transform:translateY(-50%);font-size:12px;color:var(--knd-muted);pointer-events:none}\r\n.knd-pc-magnetization-note{display:flex;align-items:flex-start;gap:9px;margin-top:15px;padding:11px 13px;background:var(--knd-blue-light);border-left:3px solid var(--knd-blue);border-radius:5px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.5;color:#40516d}\r\n.knd-pc-magnetization-note strong{color:var(--knd-blue)}\r\n.knd-pc-actions{display:flex;gap:10px;margin-top:24px}\r\n.knd-pc-btn{appearance:none;border:0;min-height:42px;padding:9px 21px;border-radius:6px;font-family:inherit;font-size:14px;font-weight:600;cursor:pointer;transition:background .2s,transform .15s}\r\n.knd-pc-btn-primary{background:var(--knd-blue);color:#fff}\r\n.knd-pc-btn-primary:hover{background:var(--knd-blue-dark)}\r\n.knd-pc-btn-primary:active{transform:translateY(1px)}\r\n.knd-pc-btn-secondary{background:#eef0f4;color:var(--knd-text)}\r\n.knd-pc-btn-secondary:hover{background:#e1e5eb}\r\n.knd-pc-results{margin-top:22px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:8px;background:var(--knd-blue)}\r\n.knd-pc-result{padding:18px 20px;color:#fff}\r\n.knd-pc-result-label{display:block;margin-bottom:8px;font-size:12px;line-height:1.4;color:rgba(255,255,255,.88)}\r\n.knd-pc-result-value{display:block;font-size:28px;line-height:1.15;font-weight:700;color:#fff}\r\n.knd-pc-formula{margin-top:10px;font-size:12px;color:var(--knd-muted);font-family:Consolas,Menlo,monospace;word-break:break-word}\r\n.knd-pc-error{margin-top:10px;min-height:18px;font-size:12px;color:var(--knd-red)}\r\n.knd-pc-method-list{list-style:none;display:flex;flex-direction:column;gap:10px;margin:14px 0;padding:0}\r\n.knd-pc-method-list li{font-size:13px;color:var(--knd-text);padding-left:18px;position:relative}\r\n.knd-pc-method-list li::before{content:\"\u2014\";position:absolute;left:0;color:var(--knd-blue)}\r\n.knd-pc-disclaimer{margin-top:25px;padding-top:20px;border-top:1px solid var(--knd-border)}\r\n.knd-pc-disclaimer h4{margin:0 0 6px;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;color:var(--knd-red)}\r\n.knd-pc-disclaimer p{margin:0;font-size:13px;line-height:1.65;color:#52627a}\r\n.knd-pc-cta{width:100%;max-width:1000px;margin:0 auto;padding:28px 32px;display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:space-between;gap:22px;border-radius:12px;background:linear-gradient(135deg,#002ea7 0%,#001f7a 100%);color:#fff;flex-wrap:wrap}\r\n.knd-pc-cta h3{margin:0 0 6px;font-size:20px;line-height:1.35;color:#fff}\r\n.knd-pc-cta p{margin:0;font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;color:rgba(255,255,255,.9)}\r\n.knd-pc-cta-button{flex:0 0 auto;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;justify-content:center;min-height:42px;padding:12px 28px;border-radius:6px;background:#fff;color:var(--knd-blue)!important;text-decoration:none!important;font-size:15px;font-weight:700;transition:transform .2s,box-shadow .2s}\r\n.knd-pc-cta-button:hover{transform:translateY(-2px);box-shadow:0 4px 12px rgba(0,0,0,.2)}\r\n@media (max-width:850px){.knd-pc-card,.knd-pc-method{padding:22px}.knd-pc-layout{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:24px}.knd-pc-diagram{min-height:250px}.knd-pc-diagram svg{max-width:240px}}\r\n@media (max-width:600px){.knd-pc-header h1{font-size:24px}.knd-pc-card,.knd-pc-method{padding:18px}.knd-pc-tab{padding-left:12px;padding-right:12px}.knd-pc-input-grid,.knd-pc-input-grid.two{grid-template-columns:1fr}.knd-pc-cta{flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;padding:22px}.knd-pc-cta-button{width:100%}}\r\n<\/style>\r\n<\/head>\r\n<body>\r\n<div class=\"knd-pc-calculator\">\r\n\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-header\">\r\n <h1>Magnetic Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator<\/h1>\r\n <p>Estimate the open-circuit permeance coefficient for common permanent magnet geometries \u2014 the key input for reading a magnet's operating point off its demagnetization curve.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-card\">\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-tabs\" id=\"kndTabs\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-layout\">\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-diagram\">\r\n <div id=\"kndDiagram\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-diagram-caption\" id=\"kndDiagramCaption\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-form\">\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-mat knd-pc-field\"><label for=\"kndMaterial\">Magnet Material<\/label>\r\n <select id=\"kndMaterial\" class=\"knd-pc-select\">\r\n <option value=\"ndfeb\">Neodymium (NdFeB)<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"alnico5\">AlNiCo 5<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"alnico8\">AlNiCo 8<\/option>\r\n <option value=\"ferrite\">Ferrite<\/option>\r\n <\/select>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-mat-note\" id=\"kndMatNote\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n <h2>Magnet Dimensions<\/h2>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-input-grid\" id=\"kndFields\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-magnetization-note\"><span>\u25cf<\/span><div id=\"kndNote\"><\/div><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-actions\">\r\n <button type=\"button\" id=\"kndCalculateBtn\" class=\"knd-pc-btn knd-pc-btn-primary\">Calculate<\/button>\r\n <button type=\"button\" id=\"kndResetBtn\" class=\"knd-pc-btn knd-pc-btn-secondary\">Reset<\/button>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-results\">\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-result\"><span class=\"knd-pc-result-label\">Permeance Coefficient (Pc)<\/span><span class=\"knd-pc-result-value\" id=\"kndPcResult\">\u2014<\/span><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-formula\" id=\"kndFormula\"><\/div>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-error\" id=\"kndError\" role=\"alert\"><\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-method\">\r\n <p class=\"knd-pc-section-title\">How This Is Calculated<\/p>\r\n <p class=\"knd-pc-section-intro\">Pc is estimated from the magnet's geometry and magnetization direction using standard empirical engineering formulas for each shape.<\/p>\r\n <ul class=\"knd-pc-method-list\">\r\n <li><strong>Rectangular block:<\/strong> Pc = T \/ (L\u00b7W) \u00d7 \u221a(\u03c0\u00b7[L\u00b7W + (L + W)\u00b7T]), where T is the dimension along the magnetization direction.<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>Axially magnetized cylinder:<\/strong> Pc = L \/ R\u00b2 \u00d7 \u221a(R\u00b7(R + L)), where R = D \/ 2.<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>Diametrically (transversely) magnetized cylinder:<\/strong> Pc = \u03c0 \/ L \u00d7 \u221a(0.5\u00b7R\u00b7(R + 2L)), where R = D \/ 2.<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>Axially magnetized ring:<\/strong> Pc = 4L \/ (OD\u00b2 \u2212 ID\u00b2) \u00d7 \u221a(\u00bd\u00b7L\u00b7(OD + ID) + \u00bc\u00b7(OD\u00b2 + ID\u00b2)).<\/li>\r\n <li><strong>Material:<\/strong> the formulas above are the NdFeB values. For AlNiCo the result is multiplied by a material factor (AlNiCo 5 \u00d7 0.70, AlNiCo 8 \u00d7 0.78). Ferrite uses the same value as NdFeB (\u00d7 1.00), as its recoil permeability is close to that of NdFeB. Within one material family, Pc does not depend on the grade.<\/li>\r\n <\/ul>\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-disclaimer\">\r\n <h4>Engineering Reference<\/h4>\r\n <p>Results are intended for preliminary engineering reference only. Actual operating points are also affected by temperature, magnetic circuit geometry, air gaps, adjacent ferromagnetic components, leakage flux and other application-specific conditions. For critical designs, prototype validation or FEA simulation is recommended.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n <div class=\"knd-pc-cta\">\r\n <div>\r\n <h3>Need help selecting the right magnet geometry?<\/h3>\r\n <p>Share your application requirements and our engineers can help evaluate the magnet dimensions and magnetic circuit.<\/p>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <a href=\"\/contact-us\/\" class=\"knd-pc-cta-button\">Consult Our Engineer \u2192<\/a>\r\n <\/div>\r\n\r\n<\/div>\r\n\r\n<script>\r\n(function () {\r\n \"use strict\";\r\n var MAX_ASPECT = 1000;\r\n var $ = function (id) { return document.getElementById(id); };\r\n var BLUE = \"#002ea7\", RED = \"#e61373\", ST = 'stroke=\"#334155\" stroke-width=\"2\"';\r\n\r\n function defs(k) {\r\n var m = function (id, c) { return '<marker id=\"' + id + k + '\" viewBox=\"0 0 10 10\" refX=\"5\" refY=\"5\" markerWidth=\"6\" markerHeight=\"6\" orient=\"auto-start-reverse\"><path d=\"M 0 0 L 10 5 L 0 10 z\" fill=\"' + c + '\"\/><\/marker>'; };\r\n return \"<defs>\" + m(\"r\", RED) + m(\"b\", BLUE) + \"<\/defs>\";\r\n }\r\n function ln(k, x1, y1, x2, y2, c, w, both) {\r\n var mk = c === RED ? \"r\" : \"b\";\r\n return '<line x1=\"' + x1 + '\" y1=\"' + y1 + '\" x2=\"' + x2 + '\" y2=\"' + y2 + '\" stroke=\"' + c + '\" stroke-width=\"' + w + '\"' + (both ? ' marker-start=\"url(#' + mk + k + ')\"' : \"\") + ' marker-end=\"url(#' + mk + k + ')\"\/>';\r\n }\r\n function tx(x, y, t, c, s, anchor) {\r\n return '<text x=\"' + x + '\" y=\"' + y + '\" fill=\"' + c + '\" font-size=\"' + (s || 15) + '\" font-weight=\"700\"' + (anchor ? ' text-anchor=\"middle\"' : \"\") + \">\" + t + \"<\/text>\";\r\n }\r\n function svg(k, body) { return '<svg viewBox=\"0 0 320 260\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\">' + defs(k) + body + \"<\/svg>\"; }\r\n var cylBody = '<path d=\"M70 78 L70 160 A90 30 0 0 0 250 160 L250 78 Z\" fill=\"#e7ebf1\" ' + ST + '\/><ellipse cx=\"160\" cy=\"78\" rx=\"90\" ry=\"30\" fill=\"#c7ced9\" ' + ST + \"\/>\";\r\n\r\n var SHAPES = {\r\n rect: {\r\n tab: \"Rectangular Block\",\r\n caption: \"L = length, W = width, T = thickness and magnetization direction.\",\r\n note: \"<strong>T is the magnetization direction.<\/strong> Enter the dimension measured along the magnetization axis as Thickness T.\",\r\n fields: [[\"L\", \"Length L\", 20], [\"W\", \"Width W\", 10], [\"T\", \"Thickness T\", 5]],\r\n formula: \"Pc = T \/ (L\u00b7W) \u00d7 \u221a(\u03c0\u00b7[L\u00b7W + (L+W)\u00b7T])\",\r\n svg: function (k) {\r\n return svg(k,\r\n '<polygon points=\"65,85 205,85 255,55 115,55\" fill=\"#d8dee8\" ' + ST + '\/><polygon points=\"65,85 205,85 205,155 65,155\" fill=\"#eef1f5\" ' + ST + '\/><polygon points=\"205,85 255,55 255,125 205,155\" fill=\"#b9c2d0\" ' + ST + \"\/>\" +\r\n ln(k, 135, 150, 135, 72, RED, 3) + tx(145, 92, \"Magnetization\", RED, 14) +\r\n ln(k, 65, 185, 205, 185, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(135, 207, \"L\", BLUE, 15, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 210, 176, 258, 146, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(252, 170, \"W\", BLUE) +\r\n ln(k, 45, 85, 45, 155, RED, 2, 1) + tx(30, 124, \"T\", RED));\r\n },\r\n calc: function (v) { return v.T \/ (v.L * v.W) * Math.sqrt(Math.PI * (v.L * v.W + (v.L + v.W) * v.T)); }\r\n },\r\n axial: {\r\n tab: \"Axial Cylinder\",\r\n caption: \"D = diameter, L = axial length; magnetization is along the axis (L).\",\r\n note: \"<strong>Axial magnetization.<\/strong> The magnetization direction runs along the cylinder's axial length L.\",\r\n fields: [[\"D\", \"Diameter D\", 10], [\"L\", \"Axial Length L\", 10]],\r\n formula: \"Pc = L \/ R\u00b2 \u00d7 \u221a(R\u00b7(R+L)), R = D \/ 2\",\r\n svg: function (k) {\r\n return svg(k, cylBody + ln(k, 160, 150, 160, 82, RED, 3) + tx(160, 40, \"Axial magnetization\", RED, 14, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 70, 205, 250, 205, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(160, 228, \"D \u2014 Diameter\", BLUE, 15, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 270, 78, 270, 160, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(282, 123, \"L\", BLUE));\r\n },\r\n calc: function (v) { var R = v.D \/ 2; return v.L \/ (R * R) * Math.sqrt(R * (R + v.L)); }\r\n },\r\n trans: {\r\n tab: \"Radial Cylinder\",\r\n caption: \"D = diameter, L = axial length; magnetization is transverse \/ diametric.\",\r\n note: \"<strong>Radial (diametric) magnetization.<\/strong> The magnetization direction is across the cylinder diameter, perpendicular to the axial length.\",\r\n fields: [[\"D\", \"Diameter D\", 10], [\"L\", \"Axial Length L\", 20]],\r\n formula: \"Pc = \u03c0 \/ L \u00d7 \u221a(0.5\u00b7R\u00b7(R+2L)), R = D \/ 2\",\r\n svg: function (k) {\r\n return svg(k, cylBody + ln(k, 90, 78, 230, 78, RED, 3, 1) + tx(160, 57, \"Transverse magnetization\", RED, 14, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 70, 205, 250, 205, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(160, 228, \"D \u2014 Diameter\", BLUE, 15, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 270, 78, 270, 160, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(282, 123, \"L\", BLUE));\r\n },\r\n calc: function (v) { var R = v.D \/ 2; return Math.PI \/ v.L * Math.sqrt(0.5 * R * (R + 2 * v.L)); }\r\n },\r\n ring: {\r\n tab: \"Axial Ring\",\r\n caption: \"ID = inner diameter, OD = outer diameter, L = axial length; magnetized along the axis.\",\r\n note: \"<strong>Axial magnetization.<\/strong> The magnetization direction runs along the ring's axial length L. OD must be larger than ID.\",\r\n fields: [[\"ID\", \"Inner Dia. ID\", 5], [\"OD\", \"Outer Dia. OD\", 10], [\"L\", \"Axial Length L\", 5]],\r\n formula: \"Pc = 4L \/ (OD\u00b2\u2212ID\u00b2) \u00d7 \u221a(\u00bd\u00b7L\u00b7(OD+ID) + \u00bc\u00b7(OD\u00b2+ID\u00b2))\",\r\n svg: function (k) {\r\n return svg(k, cylBody + '<ellipse cx=\"160\" cy=\"78\" rx=\"40\" ry=\"13\" fill=\"#8f9bb0\" ' + ST + \"\/>\" +\r\n ln(k, 115, 140, 115, 85, RED, 3) + tx(160, 40, \"Axial magnetization\", RED, 14, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 125, 78, 195, 78, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(160, 100, \"ID\", BLUE, 13, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 70, 205, 250, 205, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(160, 228, \"OD\", BLUE, 15, 1) +\r\n ln(k, 270, 78, 270, 160, BLUE, 2, 1) + tx(282, 123, \"L\", BLUE));\r\n },\r\n calc: function (v) { var a = v.OD * v.OD, b = v.ID * v.ID; return 4 * v.L \/ (a - b) * Math.sqrt(0.5 * v.L * (v.OD + v.ID) + 0.25 * (a + b)); }\r\n }\r\n };\r\n\r\n var MATERIALS = {\r\n ndfeb: { k: 1.00, note: \"Base formula (factor \u00d7 1.00).\" },\r\n alnico5: { k: 0.70, note: \"NdFeB result \u00d7 0.70.\" },\r\n alnico8: { k: 0.78, note: \"NdFeB result \u00d7 0.78.\" },\r\n ferrite: { k: 1.00, note: \"Same as NdFeB (factor \u00d7 1.00).\" }\r\n };\r\n var current = \"rect\";\r\n function updateMatNote() { $(\"kndMatNote\").textContent = MATERIALS[$(\"kndMaterial\").value].note; }\r\n\r\n function fmt(pc) { return pc >= 100 ? pc.toFixed(1) : pc >= 10 ? pc.toFixed(2) : pc.toFixed(3); }\r\n function clearResults() { $(\"kndPcResult\").textContent = \"\u2014\"; $(\"kndError\").textContent = \"\"; }\r\n\r\n function render(key) {\r\n current = key;\r\n var s = SHAPES[key];\r\n document.querySelectorAll(\".knd-pc-tab\").forEach(function (t) { t.classList.toggle(\"active\", t.dataset.shape === key); });\r\n $(\"kndDiagram\").innerHTML = s.svg(key);\r\n $(\"kndDiagramCaption\").textContent = s.caption;\r\n $(\"kndNote\").innerHTML = s.note;\r\n $(\"kndFormula\").textContent = s.formula;\r\n var g = $(\"kndFields\");\r\n g.className = \"knd-pc-input-grid\" + (s.fields.length === 2 ? \" two\" : \"\");\r\n g.innerHTML = s.fields.map(function (f) {\r\n return '<div class=\"knd-pc-field\"><label for=\"kndf_' + f[0] + '\">' + f[1] + '<\/label><div class=\"knd-pc-input-wrap\"><input type=\"number\" id=\"kndf_' + f[0] + '\" class=\"knd-pc-input\" min=\"0\" step=\"any\" value=\"' + f[2] + '\"><span class=\"knd-pc-unit\">mm<\/span><\/div><\/div>';\r\n }).join(\"\");\r\n g.querySelectorAll(\"input\").forEach(function (i) {\r\n i.addEventListener(\"keydown\", function (e) { if (e.key === \"Enter\") { e.preventDefault(); calculate(); } });\r\n });\r\n clearResults();\r\n }\r\n\r\n function calculate() {\r\n $(\"kndError\").textContent = \"\";\r\n var s = SHAPES[current], v = {}, dims = [];\r\n try {\r\n s.fields.forEach(function (f) {\r\n var x = parseFloat($(\"kndf_\" + f[0]).value);\r\n var ok = f[0] === \"ID\" ? x >= 0 : x > 0;\r\n if (!isFinite(x) || !ok) throw new Error(f[0] === \"ID\" ? \"Please enter valid dimensions (ID may be 0 for a solid cylinder).\" : \"Please enter valid positive dimensions.\");\r\n v[f[0]] = x;\r\n if (x > 0) dims.push(x);\r\n });\r\n if (current === \"ring\" && v.OD <= v.ID) throw new Error(\"Outer diameter (OD) must be larger than inner diameter (ID).\");\r\n if (Math.max.apply(null, dims) \/ Math.min.apply(null, dims) > MAX_ASPECT) throw new Error(\"Dimension ratio is too extreme (max \" + MAX_ASPECT + \":1). Please check the inputs.\");\r\n var pc = s.calc(v) * MATERIALS[$(\"kndMaterial\").value].k;\r\n if (!isFinite(pc) || pc <= 0) throw new Error(\"Calculation failed. Please check the dimensions.\");\r\n $(\"kndPcResult\").textContent = fmt(pc);\r\n } catch (err) {\r\n $(\"kndPcResult\").textContent = \"\u2014\";\r\n $(\"kndError\").textContent = err.message;\r\n }\r\n }\r\n\r\n var tabsEl = $(\"kndTabs\");\r\n Object.keys(SHAPES).forEach(function (k) {\r\n var b = document.createElement(\"button\");\r\n b.type = \"button\"; b.className = \"knd-pc-tab\"; b.dataset.shape = k; b.textContent = SHAPES[k].tab;\r\n b.addEventListener(\"click\", function () { render(k); calculate(); });\r\n tabsEl.appendChild(b);\r\n });\r\n $(\"kndMaterial\").addEventListener(\"change\", function () { updateMatNote(); calculate(); });\r\n $(\"kndCalculateBtn\").addEventListener(\"click\", calculate);\r\n $(\"kndResetBtn\").addEventListener(\"click\", function () { render(current); calculate(); });\r\n updateMatNote(); render(\"rect\"); calculate();\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\r\n<\/body>\r\n<\/html>\r\n\r\n\r\n<style>\r\n.kndtc { display: flex; align-items: center; justify-content: space-between; gap: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap; margin: 18px 0 0; padding: 18px 22px; border-radius: 10px; background: linear-gradient(135deg, #e61373 0%, #b30e58 100%); box-sizing: border-box; }\r\n.kndtc *, .kndtc *::before, .kndtc *::after { box-sizing: border-box; }\r\n.kndtc-text { flex: 1 1 260px; min-width: 0; }\r\n.kndtc-kicker { display: block; margin: 0 0 6px; font-size: 21px; font-weight: 800; line-height: 1.25; color: #ffffff !important; }\r\n.kndtc-spec { display: block; margin: 0 0 8px; font-size: 14px; font-weight: 600; line-height: 1.35; color: #ffffff !important; opacity: 0.95; }\r\n.kndtc-spec:empty { display: none; }\r\n.kndtc-sub { display: block; font-size: 14px; line-height: 1.5; color: #ffffff !important; }\r\n.kndtc-pill { display: inline-block; margin-right: 8px; padding: 2px 10px; background: #ffffff; border-radius: 999px; color: #b30e58 !important; font-size: 12px; font-weight: 800; vertical-align: 1px; }\r\n.kndtc-btn { flex: none; display: inline-block; padding: 13px 26px; background: #ffffff !important; border-radius: 8px; color: #b30e58 !important; font-size: 15px; font-weight: 700; text-align: center; text-decoration: none !important; animation: kndtcPulse 2.2s ease-out infinite; transition: transform 0.2s; }\r\n.kndtc-btn:hover { transform: translateY(-2px); animation: none; }\r\n@keyframes kndtcPulse {\r\n 0% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.65); }\r\n 70% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 12px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); }\r\n 100% { box-shadow: 0 0 0 0 rgba(255, 255, 255, 0); }\r\n}\r\n@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce) { .kndtc-btn { animation: none; } }\r\n@media (max-width: 600px) { .kndtc-btn { width: 100%; } }\r\n<\/style>\r\n<div class=\"kndtc\" id=\"kndtc\" style=\"margin: 16px 0 0;\">\r\n <div class=\"kndtc-text\">\r\n <span class=\"kndtc-kicker\">Want a free sample?<\/span>\r\n <span class=\"kndtc-spec\" id=\"kndtcSpec\"><\/span>\r\n <span class=\"kndtc-sub\"><b class=\"kndtc-pill\">Under 1 minute<\/b>Your shape, size and material are filled in. Just pick a coating and add your email.<\/span>\r\n <\/div>\r\n <a class=\"kndtc-btn\" id=\"kndtcBtn\" href=\"\/custom-ndfeb-magnets\/\">Get My Free Sample →<\/a>\r\n<\/div>\r\n<script>\r\n(function () {\r\n var card = document.getElementById('kndtc');\r\n var btn = document.getElementById('kndtcBtn');\r\n var specEl = document.getElementById('kndtcSpec');\r\n if (!card || !btn || !specEl) { return; }\r\n\r\n var TOOL = 'Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator';\r\n var $ = function (id) { return document.getElementById(id); };\r\n var qs1 = function (sel) { return document.querySelector(sel); };\r\n var val = function (id) { var e = $(id); return e ? parseFloat(e.value) : NaN; };\r\n\r\n \/* What this tool hands over to the custom form *\/\r\n function collect() {\r\n var tab = qs1('.knd-pc-tab.active');\r\n var key = tab ? tab.getAttribute('data-shape') : 'rect';\r\n var mats = { ndfeb: 'NdFeB', alnico5: 'AlNiCo 5', alnico8: 'AlNiCo 8', ferrite: 'Ferrite' };\r\n var mat = mats[$('kndMaterial').value] || '';\r\n var q = { grade: 'unsure', material: mat }, desc = '';\r\n function d(id) { return val('kndf_' + id); }\r\n if (key === 'rect') {\r\n q.shape = 'block';\r\n q.dim_length = d('L'); q.dim_width = d('W'); q.dim_thickness = d('T');\r\n q.magnet = 'Thickness Magnetized';\r\n desc = 'Block ' + d('L') + ' \\u00d7 ' + d('W') + ' \\u00d7 ' + d('T') + ' mm';\r\n } else if (key === 'axial') {\r\n q.shape = d('L') <= d('D') ? 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update(); }, 300);\r\n window.setTimeout(function () { place(); update(); }, 1200);\r\n})();\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Magnetic Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator | King-Nd Magnet Magnetic Permeance Coefficient (Pc) Calculator Estimate the open-circuit permeance coefficient for common […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1553,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"no-sidebar","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"disabled","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"disabled","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2084","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2084","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2084"}],"version-history":[{"count":19,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2084\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3188,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2084\/revisions\/3188"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1553"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/kingndmagnet.com\/ko\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2084"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}